Dry cell



Aug. www@ R. C. EENNER DRY CELL Filed May 19 1921 2 sheets-sheet 1 Aug. N', 11925.

H. c. BENNR DRY -CELL Filed May 19 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 344/0014. tot;

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' Patented Ang.. ll., i925.

RAYMOND. BmlNER, G FREMONT, OHO, 'ASS-IGNOE. 330 NATIONAL CARBON CG'. INC., A GOBPDMTION 0F NEW? 'YQRK.

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Application led May 19, 1921. lerialfo. el'llt".

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND C. BENNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at- Fremon't, in the county of SanduskyV and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dry Cells, of

.which the follovvinvf is a specilication.

. ed detailed description of preferred embodiments, illustrated in the accompanying drawings in Which- Fig. lv is a front elevation of a dry cell constructed according to my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section. on line lI-H of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a Hat bag type cell;

Fig. et is a vertical transverse. section on line lV--IV of Fig'. 3;

Fig. 'is a vertical transverse section through a flat cell of the general type of that shown in Fig'. et, vbut having a tightitting jacket;

Fig. 6 is a View similar to Fig. et, and showingthe cell in inactive condition;

Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section through a deferred action cell of somewhat modified form;

Fig. 8 is a perspective View of a carbon electrode;

Fig". 9 is a vertical transverse section f through `a cell containing an electrode or' the type shown in the preceding iggure.

Fig. 10 is a View similar vto l 1g. il. showing the use of the electrode in another forni of cell.

Referringjtoflligs. l and 2, reference nu-h meral ljdenetes dat rectangular .plates ot zinc, or other suitable electropositive metal,

To secure the assembled elements together,

.have found that cel uloid cement' (Celluloid ivhich form the side walls oi' the cell. Spac` ing sheets 2, ot' pulpboard orother suitable' bibulous materia separate the rectangular mix bobbin 3 from' the zinc plates. The sheets 2 are coated with paste on the side which rests' against the zinc. A carbon electrode 4, which may be of any desired t'vpe butis shown here as a Asmall pointed rod having a brass cap, is embedded in the mix. 'lhe mix may contain sullicient excitant fluid to activate the cell.

a eementing vmaterial 5 is applied around the entire perimeter of the cell and covers the exposed edges or the plates l, spacing sheets 2 and mix 3. The material used i'or this purpose should be impervious to ,moisture, inert to theelectrolyte, and .should possess suliicient tenacity to hold the assembled parts securely together. Among the materials havin these characteristics, I

I5 dissolved in a volatile solvent) gives goed results. lt may be conveniently applied to the cell'margins by spraying, painting, dip.

ping, or the like, and efiectually holds the cell together, while preventing evaporation of moisture from the electrolyte solution.` If desired, the edges of the assemblyv may be bound with cloth or paper before applying the vvaterproolingmaterial.

In Figs. 3 and 4 .is illustrated a cell eonstructed in general along the line followed in the cell of Figs. l and 2, but illust-rating an adaptation of the invention to fiat cells oi the bagtype. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4,' the Zinc plates 6 are depressed or recessed to form the chambers T having the illing openings 8. A lining 9, of cloth or other suitable material, is secured to the lat marginal portions of the zinc plates G With Waterproof cement. The linings 9 space the 95 zinc plates from the mix bobbin 3. The bobbin may be Wrapped Witl'i fabric, if desired, instead of securing the linings 9 to the zinc plates. The elements are fastened together, as before, b v means of cementing material 5. The openings 8, however, are not covered by the material and through ther the excitant paste is supplied, prei'- erab y after the' parts are assembled. The chambers 7 should not be completely filled, 105 so that on heavy service expansion due to Afor the cell shown in l? the rapid evolution of gas or other causes may not 'force the paste troni the cell or cause leakage in other ways. ln cells oi the kind illustrated, the past-e chambers mabY be safely filled to about tour-li llths ol their (a pacity. li' the cells are to stand lor a cousiderable time before use, the small openings 8 may he .sealed in any suitable way to prevent loss of moisture, or a flexible waterproof material maj; he flowed over the 'paste surface in the chambers The walls ot the chambers may be reinforced or corru-` gated to increase their rigidity.

The construction shown Fig. 5 in general follows that jlist described. but as an additional element a. tighllf,7 tilting jacket 10, of a material which will shrink on' drying, is provided. This material may advantageously he (shipboard. The wet 'Jacket 1is placed about thecell and on drying' shrinks and binds the parts tightly together. The WaterprooiE material 5 is preferably applied to the Whole en erior of the cell, instead oi' marginally only, .so to provide a smooth surface of Contact for the slu'unk jacket. llaterproot paper or similar material. may be substituted for the coating oil' Waterproof material 5. The paper wrapping and jacket are of course., equally applicable to the type of cell shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A paper cap 1l may he placed at. the bottom ol' the cell and the chiphoard jacket may bei-zxtended at the other end., so as to term :in annular re* cess to receive a sea-l of plastic material l2.

Fig. tl illustrates u flat cell ol' the deferred action typel The construction .is the saine as 3 and l. but instead ot supplying; exellent paste 'to the chambers 7,'a dryv paziteiforming mrterial is placed therein and the mix hobbiu is also inserted in sulrftantia'lly dr); coiulition. As 'the cell contains no moisture, it docs not deteriorate through premature electrolytic aetion or other amers, and may he kept lor as long as desired Without change.

The mix may he Wrapped in absorbent paper or the like andthe cloth linings 9 may then be omitted`I it desired. The paste iiornr ing; material may he of any suitable type and is prefer-ably placed ir. the r cesses T before the cell is assembled. l prefer to use a dry granular material o f the kind described in thc llnited States li'cnl of ll. (l. Benner and ll. l". French, No '1.fl%l,l78, issued January l5. 1921i, as such material permits the water or electrolyte solution to percolate rapidly thioughout its uniss and substan-v tially imuudiale activation is oblaiiied. Liouid will be poured into the paste chambers through the openings S, when il is desire-d to activate the coll.

ln Fig'. 7 is shown a deferred action 'cell operating upon the principle just described, but having its oloclrodes. so disposed that se riesl connection may be made hy merely pilmariee incr the cells one upon the other. In this type? a flat body of depolarizing mix 1s molded about a carbon block ll', having a narrowed portion ll which protrudes trom the side ol' the mix and is adapted to serve as the carbon pole ol' lhe cell. -JL liber of llar l2 is placed around thel portion ll and a pulpboard spacing sheet 1B suitably cutaway to receive the collar, rests against'the surface of the mix.' sheet la: ol metal overlies the spacing sheet lll. Against the other side of the niix a set-ond spacing` .sheet 15 is placedt Resting against lhis latter sheet is a recessed zinc plate ol' the kinil previously des .ibed vWaterproof coating and eementing material 5 is applied to the exposed ends of the assembled elements. The chamber 7 contalus paste forming material and is activated hy addition ol' Water or electrolyte solution through opening 8.

A novel torni ol carbon electrode, suitable t'or luse with the cells described, except that torni shown in Fig. 7, is illustrated in Fi s. S5 9 and il). The electrode consists oi' a at rectangular carbon block 1G, ha ring an inte gral cylindrical lug l? projecting troni one end and. adapted to serve as the carbon terminal ol the cell. A brass cap 18 may be fitted on the lug. Fig. 9 shows in cross section a llat celL oli' the type illustrated in Figs. l. and il, having an electrode of this kind with an associated body ol mix i9. The internal resistance ot the cell is considerably reduced by providing), a carbon electrode having an area substantially equal to that lll) of the zine and the .short circuit amperageis therefore increased. Fig. l() shows the flat electrode embodied in a cell with recessed zines, oli the type previously described.

Instead. ot coating the exposed edges of the assembled parts with ceinenling material, waterproof paper or Vitabric may be stretched over the edges and secured with adhesive. The methods ot assemblingdescribed are applicable also to cells havin a contour dill'ercnt from that illustrated, 01' example? flat circulaicells. Various other modilications and alternative arrangements may he iliade within the scope of the appended claims.

l claim:

i. lu a dry cell, a lat mix hobbin, spacing sheets olf bibulous material on opposite sides o'l' the uiix and in contact with its en'- tii-e lateral suriaee, metal plates abutting upon the spacing"v sheets, and cementing matei-iai retainingl threlcments together.

2.. lo a dry cell. a flat ming. bohbiu, spacing sheets or bihulous material on opposite sides ol the mix and in contact with its entire lateral .sui-lace, uielnl plates abutting upon ilu` spacing sheets, and celluloidal material retaining the elements together. v

il. lu a dr),v cell, a flat mix bobbin, re' rrssed aine electrode plates, spacing sheets i 'sepas-esiti@ the pieles from ish-e bobbim, amd

lli

ses 'sting meieriei in the recesses of the plaies.

si. n-s, di cell, e iles mix bobbin, recessed. zine e eetrode plates, special sheets separating 1the )lates from the bobble, actisting inater in the recesses of the 1plates, and waterproof cementing materiel securing the elements together. i

5. in a dry' oeil, si4 llas mistloobbin, zinc electrode plates having recesses adopted to rxieeive activating msieriel, suoi spacing sheets separsting ehe plates from ille bobbin, ssil plartes'lmvmg openings permitting the supplying 'of eotvariiig meiorie to the rousses.v y

(L In s dry oel] of i'ie :liet lype, an anode, :i -ethode comprising e Het mix bobbin, splicing means for lie anode and omliode, uml e jacket having e shrink fit with the smile and cathode and teiiiling to retain them in assembled position.

'i'. In e deferred sesion Celi, e let mix liobbin, recessed zine eiecti'odes sd'jeeent thereto bui: spaced therefrom, paste 'forming material in she electrecie reoesses, smi meses t'rodes having an opening for supplying activating fluid to' said material.

9. 1n a deferredvacvtion cell, a flat 'mix bobbiii, recessed zinc eleetrodes `adjacent thereto but spaced therefrom, dry granular paste 'forming material in the electrode recesses, and means for supplying activating.

fluid to said material. j

1Q. In s dry cell, e meiel electrode, e carbon electrode having en area noiI substantislly less than that of the metal eleotrode, s depolarizing mis about the carbon electrode, spacing means separating the metal electrode-and the mix, and cementing material seouring'the assembly together.

In testimony whereof, l irx my signature.

RAYMND C. BENNER. 

